Snapshot - DiskImage Backup for Windows NT Screenshots Snapshot is easy to use The Snapshot user interface is Windows Wizard-like with few surprises, even to inexperienced users. Anything with a drive letter (like C:, E:) can be backuped. Anything with a drive letter (like X:) can be used for the image destination. See some Screenshots of a backup operation. Snapshot can be used often For DOS based image backup, the user has to stop his work, boot into a different configuration, wait for the backup to finish, then boot Windows again. With Snapshot, there is no need to reboot. Simply start Snapshot, then continue to work normally. This enables one of the most important things in backup business: backup often It is even possible to make image backup for servers, that must be online 24 hours a day. Snapshot is safe to use The problem with Windows based disk imaging is that Windows may constantly write to the disk, even with no user interaction. As the image creation takes some time, you may end up with a disk image that partially reflects the disk status at program start, partially at a later time. Snapshot handles this. Once Snapshot has been started, you may continue to work, delete anything on the disk, install new programs,... The created image will always reflect the disk status at program start. Compatible Snapshot is compatible with Windows NT 4.0, 2000, XP, 2003, Vista, 2003, 7, 2008, 2008 R2, PE, x64 all file systems supported by WinNT/Win2K (FAT16,FAT32,NTFS). Linux Ext2/Ext3/Ext4/Reiser (but no explore possible) any IDE/SCSI/USB/...local disk drive. If WinNT can access it, Snapshot will back it up. any disk mirroring/striping/spanning/RAID scheme. Windows 2000 basic and dynamic disks. Fast and efficient Both speed and image size are data and configuration dependent. In short: Snapshot saves about 400 MB/min on a P700, and ~1,5 GB/min on a P4 4GHz. The compressed image size is comparable to the best other DOS-based disk imaging products. More of detailed performance data can he found here. How it works Any disk image program takes some time to run. Depending on computer speed and disk size, this take a few minutes to a few hours. So a 1GB disk on a P200 will take ~10 minutes to store, and ~1 minute on a P4 4GHz. As WinXX constantly writes to the disk, what do you get? SnapShot takes the image at a certain point of time. When SnapShot gets started, it will take some time to collect information about the disk to be saved, such as disk size, used disk space,... Then the OS is instructed to write all data from the disk caches. And then, Snapshot takes the SnapShot. All you will get in your Disk Image is what is at this very moment on your disk. What's on the disk is saved; nothing else. If you would POWER OFF the computer at this moment and make the image from DOS, you would get exactly the same. Because we flushed all data to the disk, Windows will boot without CHKDSK, because the data on the disk are consistent. You would lose the changes of any open (unsaved) files, of course, but the original would be exist and be valid. The magic The idea is simple: By using WindowsNT Driver technology, Snapshot chains itself between the file system and the disk driver so that it will see any request to the disk. When any WRITE request is detected, before the data are saved, the data are read first from the disk and saved, before the WRITE request is allowed to proceed. So the data are completely safe against change; and this allows the user to work while Snapshot is running and no changes will be reflected in the image produced. Whatever happens, the image will contain the disk data at start time. You may work as usual, clean up the disk, install/uninstall Software, or even catch a virus of his choice. SnapShot even tries to minimize its influence on other programs. Snapshot uses about 7MB of memory during Backup, 0 bytes when not activ. Snapshot runs at low priority, giving the foreground application as many CPU cycles as needed. As SnapShot uses a huge amount of disk IO (~40 MB/sec for a Pentium IV 3 GHz), Snapshot would bring down a typical Windows program start to a crawl. So Snapshot watches for any user disk activity and will pause for a short while, so the user application runs at nearly full speed. However, SnapShot still makes sure that no unsaved data are overwritten. In this case, SnapShot will buffer these data up to a few Megabytes in memory, and then simply delay the application, until these data have been saved to the SnapShot destination. This won't happen often, as applications tend to modify the same data over and over again, like a database's index files. These data will be saved the first time a change is detected and later requests will proceed at normal speed.